Natural gas refining process pdf

• Step 1 in the refining process is the separation of crude oil into various fractions by distillation in atmospheric and vacuum towers. The main fractions or "cuts" obtained have specific boiling-point ranges and can be classified in order of decreasing volatility into gases, light distillates, middle distillates, gas oils, and residuum. Natural Gas 101: The Basics of Natural Gas Production, Transportation, and Markets David E. Dismukes, Ph.D. Center for Energy Studies Louisiana State University U.S. Manufacturing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis 69 2.4 PETROLEUM REFINING SECTOR (NAICS 324110) 2.4.1. Overview of the Petroleum Refining Manufacturing Sector Petroleum refining is a complex industry that generates a diverse slate of fuel products and petrochemicals, from gasoline to asphalt. Refining requires a range of Natural gas extraction begins with drilling a well. These wells are purpose-drilled for natural gas, but because natural gas is often found in the same deposits as petroleum, sometimes natural gas extraction is a side-operation of oil extraction, or is pumped back into the well for future Shale Oil & Gas: A Study on Refining 2 Chengda Hongsheng Energy Co., Ltd., Huadian city in Jilin Province of China 1.878 (natural gas and pipeline business achieved operating revenue in 2010) Plans a total investment of 5.7 billion yuan (about $1 billion) for the oil shale comprehensive development project Annual production of oil shale to bring natural gas to a catalytic process called natural gas reforming. This catalytic process is also known as reforming of methane. Syngas can be produced from a variety of primary feedstock such as coal, petroleum coke, biomass, and natural gas. The lowest cost routes for syngas production, however, are based on natural gas [3]. at the surface, the gas may contain heavier hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, and heptane in the gaseous state. At surface conditions these will condense out of the gas to form natural gas condensate, often shortened to condensate. Condensate resembles petrol in appearance and is similar in composition to some volatile light crude oils. The refinery gas and coke are by-products of the different processes. The coke is mainly produced in the crackers, while the refinery gas is the lightest fraction from the distillation and cracking processes. Natural gas and electricity represents the largest purchased fuels in the refineries. Natural gas is used for the production of hydrogen gas separation process. As natural gas is made up from many beneficial compositions, at the gas separation plants, those compositions can be extracted for a number of products as follows: Methane (C1) is used as fuel for power generation known as Sales Gas. If compressed in high-pressure cylinder, the product derived is called compressed natural gas or as known as natural gas for vehicles or Then LPG process continues with LPG coming from two LPG gas manufacturing process sources: natural gas processing and crude oil refining, where it is a co-product of both. 60% of LPG-propane comes from natural gas processing "stripper plants" and 40% of LPG-propane comes from the crude oil refinery process. Gas wells typically produce only raw natural gas, while condensate wells produce raw natural gas along with other low molecular weight hydrocarbons. Those that are liquid at ambient conditions (i.e., pentane and heavier) are called natural-gas condensate (somet